Closed Economies, Autarchy – Failure and Economic Disaster

Autarchy is an economic system in which the state refuses any commercial connection with the outside, solely relying on its own resources. In an autarchic economy, the state does not participate in the international economic life, is not part of … Read More

The post Closed Economies, Autarchy – Failure and Economic Disaster appeared first on MultiMedia.

August 2023, the Month of the Moons: 2 Full Moons/Supermoons with a Blue Moon, and a Lunar Eclipse

The moon in August 2023 will be a spectacular sight for skywatchers, as it will feature a rare blue moon, 2 full moons, 2 supermoons, and a partial lunar eclipse. A Blue Moon is a term used to describe a … Read More

The post August 2023, the Month of the Moons: 2 Full Moons/Supermoons with a Blue Moon, and a Lunar Eclipse appeared first on MultiMedia.

A Gambling Guide

A Gambling GuideGambling as a betting action – wagering money or something of material value on an event with an uncertain outcome with the primary intent of winning additional money or material goods.
A guide about what is gambling (with a special section for online gambling), casino games with both beatable casino games (poker , blackjack, video poker with progressive jackpot, pai gow poker, betting, horse racing – parimutuel, slot machines and other gambling machines) and unbeatable casino games (baccarat, craps, roulette, keno, casino war, faro, pachinko, sic bo, let it ride, 3-card poker, 4-card poker, red dog, Caribbean stud poker, etc.), and non-casino gambling games (bingo, lottery, mahjong, backgammon, bridge, etc.).
Fixed-odds gambling in sports is also present in this book with horse racing, greyhound racing, football (particularly association football, American football and rugby), golf, tennis, cricket, baseball, basketball, ice hockey, snooker, motor sports, boxing, darts, cross-country skiing and biathlon. Please, don’t forget to take a look to the legality of the gambling and online gambling, as well as to the articles, warnings and links dedicated to the gambling addiction. Extreme cases of problem gambling may cross over into the realm of mental disorders.

CONTENTS:

A Gambling Guide
– Contents
– Legal aspects
– Psychological aspects
– Types of gambling
– – Casino games
– – – “Beatable” casino games
– – – “Unbeatable” casino games
– – Non-casino gambling games
– – Fixed-odds gambling
– – Gambling on horse races
– – Sports betting
– – Scratchcards
– – Other types of betting
– – Arbitrage betting
– Staking systems
– List of notable wagers
– Associated word usage
– See also
– Bibliography
“Beatable” casino games
Horse racing
– Contents
– Forms of horse racing
– Horse racing in North America
– Horse racing in Australia
– Horse racing in Europe
– Pedigree
– Betting
Handicapping
– Contents
– The practice in action
– – Horse racing
– – Predicting the Outcome of Races
– Notes
– References
“Unbeatable” casino games
Non-casino gambling games
Mahjong
– Contents
– History
– – Mahjong in China
– – Mahjong in the western world
– – Current development
– Variants
– International rules
– Equipment
– Setting up the board
– – Prevailing Wind and Game Wind
– – Dealing tiles
– – Charleston
– Gameplay
– – Flower tiles
– – Joker tiles
– – Melds
– – Ready hands
– – Draws
– – Abortive draws
– – Winning
– – Turns and rounds
– Scoring
– Trivia
– References
– Footnotes
Card games
– Contents
– The deck or pack
– The deal
– The rules
– – Rule infractions
– Types of card games
– – Trick-taking games
– – Rummy-style games
– – Casino or gambling card games
– – Solitaire (or Patience) games
– – Shedding games
– – Accumulating games
– – Fishing Games
– – Multi-genre games
– – Collectible card games (CCG’s)
– – Other card games
– – Fictional card games
– – Pranks
– See also
– External links
Playing card
– Contents
– History
– – Early history
– – Spread across Europe and early design changes
– – Later design changes
– – Alleged symbolism
– Playing cards today
– – Anglo-American
– – German
– – Central European
– – Switzerland
– – Italian
– – Spanish
– – Japanese
– Playing card symbols in Unicode
– See also
– References
Liar’s poker
– The book
Bourré
– Contents
– Object
– Rules
– Variations
– Resources
Bridge
– Contents
– Game play
– – Dealing
– – The auction
– – The play of the hand
– – Scoring
– – Laws of Duplicate Contract Bridge
– History
– Tournaments
– – Bidding boxes and bidding screens
– – Important Bridge Players
– Game Strategy
– – Bidding systems and conventions
– Play techniques
– – Basic techniques by declarer
– – Advanced techniques by declarer
– – Basic techniques by defenders
– – Advanced techniques by defenders
– Example
– Bridge on the Internet
– Computer Bridge
– – World Champions Computer Bridge
– References
– Game play
Piquet
– Contents
– History
– Rules
– – The Cut
– – The Deal
– – Carte Blanche
– – Exchanging Cards
– – The Declaration Phase
– – – The Point
– – – The Sequence
– – – The Set
– – – Repique and Pique
– – The Play
– – Crossing the Rubicon
– – Scoring
– – Variations
– – Tactics
– Background
Thirty-one
– Contents
– Details of play
– Common variations of Thirty-one
– – Banking version
– – Variations on play
Three card brag
– Rules
– Hand ranks
– Betting
– Shuffling
Coin-tossing
– Contents
– History of coin flipping
– The process of coin flipping
– Coin flipping in dispute resolution
– – Fair results from a biased coin
– Physics of coin flipping
– Coin flipping in fiction
– Number-theoretic version of “flipping”
– Counterintuitive properties
– See also
– References
Head and Tail
– See also
Razzle
Fixed-odds gambling
– Contents
– Calculating fixed odds
– Types of odds offered
– – Fractional odds
– – Decimal odds
– – Moneyline odds
– See also
Greyhound racing
– Contents
– History
– Greyhound racing today
– Treatment of racing dogs
– – Living Conditions
– – In Australia
– – Medical Care
Jai alai
– Rules and Play
– Geographic distribution
Football
– Contents
– History
– – Ancient games
– – Mediæval football
– – Calcio Fiorentino
– – Official disapproval and attempts to ban football
– The establishment of modern codes of football
– – English public schools
– – The Cambridge Rules
– – Other developments in the 1850s
– – Australian rules football
– – The Football Association
– – Rugby football
– – North American football
– – Gaelic football
– – The split in rugby football
– – The globalisation of association football
– – The reform of American football
– – The two rugby codes diverge further
– Football today
– – Use of the word “football” in English-speaking countries
– – Games descended from the FA rules of 1863
– – Games descended from Rugby School rules
– – Australian and Irish varieties of football
– – Surviving Mediæval ball games
– – Other surviving public school games
– – More recent inventions and derivations
– – Tabletop games and other recreations
– References
Soccer
– Contents
– Nature of the game
– History and development
– Laws of the Game
– – Overview of the Laws
– – Players, equipment and officials
– – Playing field
– – Duration and tie-breaking methods
– – Ball in and out of play
– – Fouls and misconduct
– – Offside
– Governing bodies
– Major international competitions
– Domestic competitions
– Names of the game
– References
– Further reading
American football
– Contents
– Popularity
– The rules of American football
– – Field and players
– – Game duration
– – Advancing the ball
– – Changes of possession
– – Scoring
– – Kickoffs and free kicks
– – Penalties
– – – Some common penalties
– The players
– – Offense
– – Defense
– – Special teams
– Basic football strategy
– Physicality of the game
– Development of the game
– Problems in football
– Leagues, Organizations, and Associations
– – United States
– – Internationally
– – Alternate Rulesets
– – Non-current Leagues
– Footnotes
Golf
– Contents
– Anatomy of a golf course
– – Par
– Play of the game
– – Scoring
– – Fees
– – Team play
– Handicap systems
– Golf rules and other regulations
– Golf course architecture and design
– Hitting a golf ball
– – Types of shots
– – Poor shots
– – The golf swing
– Equipment
– – Golf clubs
– – Golf balls
– – Golf Shafts
– – Other equipment
– History
– Social aspects of golf
– – Cost to Play
– – Cost of Maintenance
– Golfing countries
– Professional golf
– – Golf tours
– – Men’s major championships
– – Women’s majors
– Environmental impact
– Etymology
– Golf Movies
Tennis
– Contents
– Manner of play
– – The court
– – – Types of Courts
– – Play of a single point
– – Scoring
– – Officials
– – Miscellaneous
– – Other Rules of Play Used in American College Tennis
– – Other Rules of Play Used in American High School Tennis
– Shots
– – Serve
– – Forehand
– – Backhand
– – Other shots
– Tournaments
– History
– Great Players
– The Greatest Player of All Time
– The Great Doubles Players
– Notes
– Sources
Cricket
– Contents
– Objective and results
– Laws of cricket
– – Players and officials
– – – Players
– – – Umpires
– – – Scorers
– – The playing field
– – Match structure
– – Batting and scoring runs
– – Bowling and dismissals
– – Fielding and wicket-keeping
– – Other roles
– History
– Forms of cricket
– – Test cricket
– – One-day cricket
– – Twenty20 Cricket
– – First-class matches
– – Other forms of cricket
– International structure
– References
Baseball
– Contents
– History
– – Origins of baseball
– – History of baseball in the United States
– Gameplay
– – General structure
– – Fielding team
– – – The battery
– – – The infielders
– – – The outfielders
– – – Defensive strategy
– – – – Pitching
– – – – Fielding strategy
– – Team at bat
– – – Batters and runners
– – – Batting
– – – Baserunning
– – – Batting and base running strategy
– – Innings and determining a winner
– – Substitutions
– – Rosters
– Other personnel
– Baseball’s unique style
– – Time element
– – Individual and team
– – The uniqueness of each baseball park
– Statistics
– Popularity
– Organized leagues
– Footnotes
– References
Basketball
– Contents
– History
– – Early basketball
– – College basketball and early leagues
– – U.S. high school basketball
– – National Basketball Association
– – International basketball
– Rules and regulations
– – Playing regulations
– – Equipment
– – Violations
– – Fouls
– Common techniques and practices
– – Positions and structures
– – Shooting
– – Passing
– – Dribbling
– – Height
– Variations and similar games
– References
Ice hockey
– Contents
– History
– – Foundation of the modern game
– – The Professional Era
– Equipment
– Game
– Penalties
– Tactics
– Periods and overtime
– Women’s ice hockey
– Sledge hockey
– – Sport description
– – History of sledge hockey
– International competition
– Hockey in popular culture
– Attendance Records
– Number of registered players by Countries
– Notes
Rugby
– Contents
– Rugby league and rugby union
– Rules
– History
– Culture
– Games descended from Rugby School rules
– See also
Snooker
– Contents
– History
– Governing body
– The game
– – The Table
– – Objective
– – A Snooker Match
– – Gameplay
– – Fouls
– – The end of a frame
– – Highest break
– Tournaments
– References
Motor sports
– Contents
– History
– – The start
– – City to city racing
– – 1910-1950
– Regulations
– Categories
– – Single-seater racing
– – Rallying
– – Touring car racing
– – Stock car racing
– – Drag racing
– – Sports car racing
– – Offroad racing
– – Kart racing
– – Other categories
– Use of flags
Boxing
– Contents
– Origins
– – London Prize Ring rules (1743)
– – Marquess of Queensberry rules (1867)
– Olympic boxing
– – Olympic (amateur) boxing history
– Professional boxing
– – Evolution of professional boxing
– – Length of bouts
– Equipment
– Technique
– – Stance and movement
– – Punches
– – Defense
– – In the ring
– – Less common strategies
– Boxing styles
– – In-fighter
– – Out-fighter
– – Brawler
– – Hybrid boxers
– – Swarmer
– – Rock, Paper, Scissors
– Famous boxers
– – London rules and pre-Queensberry era
– – 1900s to 1920s
– – 1920s to 1940s
– – 1940s to 1960s
– – 1960s to 1980s
– – 1980s to present
– International Boxing Hall of Fame
– Medical concerns
– – Fatalities versus brain injury
– Governing bodies
– – Professional boxing
– – Amateur boxing
– Impact of boxing on the English language
– Boxing in popular culture
– References
– Notes
Darts
– Contents
– Dart boards
– – Height and distance
– – History
– – Scoring
– Soft tip boards and darts
– Playing darts
– – Professional organizations
– – Professional competitions
– – Amateur competition
– Betting
– Famous players
– See also
Cross-country skiing
– Contents
– A hobby and a sport
– – Sports events
– History
– Equipment: Skis and poles
– Equipment: Bindings/boots
– – NNN
– – SNS Profil
– – SNS Pilot
– Waxes
– – Glide wax
– – Kick wax
– – Klister
– – Waxless skis
– – Waxtape
– Styles/Techniques
– – Classic
– – Free/Skating
– – Telemark
– Summer skiing
– Notes
Biathlon
– Contents
– Concise history
– Governing body
– Champions
– Rules and equipment
– – Basic concepts
– – Skiing details
– – Shooting details
– Competition format
– – Individual
– – Sprint
– – Pursuit
– – Mass start
– – Relay
– – Mixed relay
– – Team (obsolete)
– Biathlon venues
– Other Biathlon variants
– Notes
Prediction market
– Contents
– Theoretical challenges
– Commercial interest
Scratchcards
Online scratch card
– Contents
– Online Scratch Cards
– Legality
– Online scratch card types
– Web-based online scratch cards
– Download based online scratch cards
– Games offered
– Bonuses
– Player Fraud
Confidence trick
– Contents
– Origin of the term
– Well-known confidence tricks
– Extra finesse
– Famous convicted and alleged con artists
– Quotations
– References
Shell game
– Contents
– The Play
– History
– Current practice in Europe
– Other meanings
– See also
Three card monte
– Contents
– Rules
– Drawing a player in
– How it’s really done
– – The throw
– – The Mexican turnover
– Historic
– See also
– Reference
Mobile gambling
– Sources
Online gambling
– Contents
– Online poker
– Online casinos
– Online sports betting
– Online bingo
– Mobile gambling
– Funds transfers
– General legal issues
– Problem gambling
Gambling regulation
Bingo
Bingo (US)
– Contents
– Description of the game
– Bingo Cards
– Culture
– History
– The business of bingo
– Alternate variations
Bingo (card game)
Bingo card
– Contents
– U.S. Bingo Cards
– U.K. Bingo Cards
– Other Types of Cards
– See also
Flimsies
– See also
Buzzword bingo
Housie
– Contents
– Description of the Game
– Business Aspect
– Calling nicknames (UK Bingo)
– Usage of Bingo nicknames in the UK
– Trivia
Keno
– History
– Modern keno
Online bingo
– Contents
– Getting started
– Depositing
– How to play
– Chat & the CM
– 90 Ball versus 75 Ball
– Bingo networks
– Online bingo in the UK
– Software providers
Blackjack
– Contents
– Rules
– Insurance
– Basic strategy
– Basic strategy tables
– Shuffle tracking
– Variants
– References
Card counting
– Contents
– How card counting works in blackjack
– History of blackjack card counting
– Countermeasures against blackjack card-counters
– See also
Chinese Blackjack
– Contents
– Dealing
– Point counting rules
– Checking for Blackjack
– – Ban-Ban
– – Ban-Nag
– – 15 Points (House Rule)
– The players’ turns
– The dealer’s turn
Double Attack Blackjack
Double Exposure Blackjack
Kelly criterion
– Cited References
MindPlay
Seven twenty-seven
Spanish 21
Ten and a half
– Rules
Dice games
– Dice Games
– Collectible Dice Games
Backgammon
– Contents
– History
– Rules
– – The doubling cube
– – – Beavers
– – – Raccoons
– – – Jacoby Rule
– – – Crawford Rule
– – – Automatic doubles
– Five Basic Strategies
– Sample game
– Backgammon as a gambling game
– – Backgammon Chouette
– Backgammon in the Middle East and Central Asia
– Other variants
– – Brädspel
– – Gul Bara
– – Old English Rule
– – Runte Rule
– – Tavli
– – Tabla
– – LongGammon
– – Nackgammon
– Computer backgammon
Battle dice
– Contents
– What it is
– Purchasing
– The Game
– Marvel Set 1
– Marvel Set 2
– DC Set 1
Bau cua ca cop
Big and small
– Rules
Bunco
Button Men
– Contents
– Background and history
– Gameplay
– – Die skills
– Strategy and the meta-game
Cee-lo
– Common variations
Chingona
Cho-han bakuchi
Chuck-a-luck
Cootie
Cosmic Wimpout
Craps
– Contents
– The basic game
– Types of craps bets
– – Proposition bets
– – Place, buy and lay bets
– – Examples of basic play
– Etiquette
– – Rules related to casino security
– – Commonly observed etiquette
– Odds
– Optimal Betting / Bad Bets
– Systems
– – Martingale System
– – Gambler’s fallacy
– – Parity Hedge System
– – Dice setting
– – Dice control
– Miscellaneous
– See also
Crown and anchor
– Variations
Dice
– Contents
– Ordinary dice
– Terms
– – Probability
– – History
– – Loaded dice
– – Materials
– Cubical dice with faces representing values other than digits 1 through 6
– Non-cubical dice
– – Standard variations
– – Rarer variations
– Dice notation
– – Application in role-playing games
– Use of dice for divination
– See also
– References
Dice 10000
– Contents
– Equipment
– Play
– Scoring and Sets
– Winning
Dice control
Diceland
– Contents
– Diceland (tile based game)
– Diceland (collectible dice game)
Don’t Go To Jail
Dragon Dice
– Contents
– Overview
– – Types of dice
– – – Units
– – – Terrains
– – – Dragons
– – – Magestorm
– – Gameplay
– – – Maneuver
– – – Magic
– – – Missile
– – – Melee
– – – Reinforce and reserves
Dudo
– Contents
– Game play
– The aces
– “Obliging” rounds
– The Dudo terminology in Spanish
Farkel
– Contents
– Equipment
– Play
– – Variation 1
– – Variation 2
– Scoring and Sets
– – Variation 1
– – Variation 2
– Winning
– – Variation 1
– – Variation 2
Hazard
– Contents
– Rules
– Betting
– Craps and Hazard
Kismet
– Contents
– Game contents
– Overview of the rules
– – The scorecard
– – – Basic section
– – – Kismet section
– – Rolling subsequent Kismets
Kuriki
– Contents
– Kuriki
– – Equipment
– – To Start
– – The Play
– – Take
– – Pull
– – Pass
– – Fouls
– – Tarting
– – Resolution
– Variations
– – Other foul-worthy offenses
Liar’s dice
– Contents
– Rules (common hand)
– – Variants
– – Gambling
– – Drinking Game
– Rules (individual hand)
– – Summary
– – Play
– – Bids
– – Techniques
– – An example hand
– Rules (Mexican)
– – Two-dice variations
– See also
Mia
– Contents
– Equipment
– Play
– Scoring
– Strategy
Mexico
– Contents
– Equipment
– Play
– Scoring
– Strategy and odds
– Coming up “Mexico”
– Ties
Mr. Three
– Contents
– West Coast Rules
– Midwest Rules
– Statistics
– Alternate Rules
– The Hat
Passe-dix
Petals Around the Rose
Pig
– Contents
– Basic Rules
– – Example Play
– Teaching Mathematics and Computer Science
– Optimal Play
– Rule Variations
– – Two-Dice Pig
– – Big Pig
– – SKUNK
– Jeopardy Dice Games
Shut the Box
– Contents
– Play
– Rules
– Variants
– History
– Trivia
Sic bo
– History
Tablero da Gucci
– Contents
– History
– Basic Rules of the Game
– – Object of the Game
– – Equipment (for playing with beer)
– – Starting the Game
– – Playing the Game
– – Lining Up Glasses
– – The Queen’s Number
– – Ending The Game
– – The Toast Round
– Tournament Play
– – Scoring
– – Other Rules
– Important Notes
Threes
– Rules of the game
Under Over
– Game Setup
– How to Play
– Variations
Yahtzee
– Contents
Overview of the Rules
– Upper Section
– Lower Section
– Game Play
– Yahtzees and bonus chips
– Game Played Solitaire
History
Evolution of the Game Packaging
– 1961
– 1967
– 1972
– 1973
– 1978
– 1980
– 1982
Related Games
Other
Zonk
– Contents
– Equipment required:
– Terms used in gameplay:
– Game Play:
– – Scoring combinations:
– – Code of Conduct:
– – The Role of the Scorekeeper
– The dice NEVER lie:
– The Flow:
– House Rules:
– – Specials:
– Extra Scoring Rules
– – F3000, FH, F8000, L3000:
– Dirty tricks:
Lottery
– Contents
– Countries with a national lottery
– – Americas
– – Europe
– – Asia
– – Africa
– – Australia
– Country Lottery details
– – Lottery in the United States
– – Lottery in Canada
– – Lottery in France
– Probability of winning
– Notable prizes
– Payment of prizes
– Scams and Frauds
– See also
Lottery card games
Basset
Blind_Hookey
– Alternative method
Faro
– Contents
– Rules
– History
– Literary fiction
– Movies
– References
Fuck the Dealer
– The rules
Hollywood Poker
– Contents
– Equipment
– Players
– Game Play
– End Of Game
Kot bo sitah
4-Digits
– Contents
– Methods of Play
– – Ordinary Entry
– – 4-D Roll
– – System Entry
– – iBet
– – Quickpick
Bovine bingo
Jueteng
– Scandals
Lottery jackpot records
– U.S.A. lotteries
– – State lotteries in the United States
– European lotteries
Lottery Mathematics
– Contents
– Calculation explained in choosing 6 from 6 of 49
– Odds of getting other scores in choosing 6 from 49
– Powerballs And Bonus Balls
Mega number
Numbers game
– Payout
Punchboard
– Contents
– History
– Decline in use
– Popular again
– After the war
– Larceny
– Other references in popular culture
Raffle
Sweepstakes
– Etymology
– Sweepstakes on the Internet
Video Lottery Terminal
– Contents
– Canada
– United States
– Other terminology
– See also
Poker
– Contents
– Game play
– History
– Quotations
– See also
– References
Poker gameplay and terminology
Poker hands
– Contents
– General rules
– Ranking of hands
– Variations
– See also
Rank of hands
– Contents
– Standard ranking
– – Royal flush
– – Straight flush
– – Four of a kind
– – Full house
– – Flush
– – Straight
– – Three of a kind
– – Two pair
– – One pair
– – High card
– Low-poker ranking
– – Ace-to-five
– – – Wheel
– – Ace-to-six
– – Deuce-to-seven
– See also
List of slang names for poker hands
– Contents
– Individual card slang
– Five-card hand slang
– Texas hold’em slang
– Omaha slang
– Flop slang
Dead man’s hand
– The hand in popular culture
– Adapting to 7-card games
Dominating hand
Drawing hand
– See also
Made hand
Non-standard poker hand
– Cats and dogs
– Kilters
– See also
Nut hand
Pocket Aces
Starting hand
– See also
Poker jargon
Aggression
– See also
Bad beat
– Reacting to bad beats
– Bad beat jackpot
Betting
– Contents
– Procedure
– – Open
– – Call
– – Check
– – Raise
– – Fold
– Forced bets
– – Ante
– – Blinds
– – – When a player in the blinds leaves the game
– – – – Dead button rule
– – – – Moving button rule
– – – – Simplified moving button rule
– – – When there are only two players
– – Bring-ins
– Straddle bets
– – Live straddle
– – Mississippi straddle
– – Sleepers
– Limits
– – Fixed limit
– – – Maximum number of raises
– – – Kill game
– – Spread limit
– – Pot limit
– – No limit
– Table stakes rules
– – “All in”
– – – All-in before the deal
– – – Incomplete raise
– – – Opening all-in hands
– – Open stakes
– See also
– Notes
Big bet
– Contents
– Statistical Analysis
– Examples
– – Casino style draw poker
– – Texas hold ’em
– – Omaha hold ’em
– – Casino style seven-card stud
Blind
Bluff
– Contents
– Pure Bluff
– Semi-bluff
– Bluffing circumstances
– Optimal bluffing frequency
– Bluff (the game)
– See also
– References
Bug
Burn card
– Notes
Button
– Contents
– History
– Dealer button
– Other buttons
– See also
Cards speak
– See also
Cheating in poker
– Contents
– Minimal-skill methods
– – Marked cards
– Skilled methods
– Collusion
– See also
– Notes
Check-raise
– See also
Chip race
Chopping the blinds
– Contents
– Why players chop
– Ethics of chopping
– General etiquette
– Reference
Closed
Community card
Counterfeit
– Contents
– Omaha hold ’em
– Texas hold ’em
– Badugi
– Notes
Curse of Scotland
– See also
Dead money
– See also
Declaration
– Declaring target in a split pot
– Declaring number of cards to draw
– Other declarations
Defense
– See also
Domination
– See also
Draw
– Contents
– Outs
– Types of draws
– – Flush draw
– – Outside straight draw
– – Inside straight draw
– – Double inside straight draw
– – Other draws
– – Backdoor draw
– See also
Flop
– See also
Freeroll
Fundamental theorem of poker
– An example
– Multi-way pots and implicit collusion
Hand-for-hand
High card by suit
High-low split
Hole cam
Isolation
– See also
Kicker
Morton’s theorem
– Contents
– An example
– Analysis
– See also
One player to a hand
– See also
Open-ended
Out
– See also
Poker chip
– Contents
– Construction and design
– Colors
– Security
– See also
Poker dealer
– Contents
– Professional dealers
– Mechanics of dealing
– – Shuffling
– – American-style dealing
– – European-style dealing
– – Burning and turning
– Responsibilities during a hand
– See also
Poker equipment
Poker probability
– Contents
– Frequency of 5 card poker hands
– Derivation
– Frequency of 7 card poker hands
– See also
Poker psychology
Poker strategy
– Contents
– The fundamental theorem of poker
– Pot odds and poker probabilities
– Deception
– Position
– Reasons to raise
– Reasons to call
– Gap concept
– Sandwich effect
– Loose/tight play
– Aggressive/passive play
– Hand reading and tells
– Table image and opponent profiling
– Equity
– Short-handed considerations
– Structure considerations
– See also
– – Poker plays
– – Specific games
– Notes
Position
– See also
Post oak bluff
Pot
– See also
Pot odds
– Contents
– Simple pot odds
– Implied pot odds
– Reverse implied pot odds
– Manipulating pot odds
– Bluffing frequency
– See also
– References
Protection
– See also
Public cardroom rules
– Contents
– Popular poker variants
– Waiting lists
– Chips
– Rake
– Common rules
– Legality
– See also
– Notes
Rake
– Contents
– Mechanism
– Legality
– See also
Ring game
– See also
River
– See also
Rollout
Rounder
– Alternative meanings
Rule variations
– Overview
– See also
Showdown
– References
Slow play
– Contents
– Relationship between slow playing and bluffing
– Check raising as a slow play
– Fishing for the overcall
– See also
– References
Split
Steal
– See also
Stripped deck
Suited connectors
Table stakes
– See also
Tell
– See also
– References
Tilt
– Being “on tilt”
– Putting others “on tilt”
Turn
– See also
Value
Wild card
Poker television programs
– History
Poker tournaments
– Contents
– Entry fees and prizes
– Betting format
– Types of poker
– Tournament venues
– Major tournaments
– See also
Satellite tournament
– Poker
Tournament director
World Poker Tour
– Contents
– Player of the Year
– Results
World Series of Poker
– Contents
– Origins
– Evolution
– Harrah’s Takes The Pot
– The Marketing of the WSOP
– Film coverage of the WSOP
– – WSOP broadcasters
– The main event
Poker variants
– Contents
– Popular poker variants
– Other poker variants
– – Stud Horse poker
– – Oxford stud
– – Billabong (and Shanghai)
– – Guts
– See also
Draw poker
– Contents
– Standard five-card draw
– Other draw games
– – Gardena jackpots (“Jacks to open” or simply “Jackpots”)
– – California lowball
– – Badugi
– – Other forms of lowball
– – California high/low split
– – High/low with declare
– – Double-draw and Triple-draw
– – Four-before
– – Johnson (and “Jacks back”)
– – Q-Ball
– “Home” games
– – Shotgun (“Roll ’em out” and “Skinny Minnie”)
– – Spit in the ocean
– – Anaconda (“Pass the trash”)
– Ad hoc variants
Anaconda
– Contents
– Simple Play
– – Betting
– Variations
Badugi
– Contents
– Play of the hand
– Hand evaluation
– Example hand
– Betting structures
– Strategy
Five-card draw
– Sample deal
– See also
Lowball
– References
Stud poker
– Contents
– General variations
– Specific variants
– – Six-card stud
– – Razz (and London lowball)
– – Eight-or-better high-low stud
– – Mississippi stud
– – Mexican stud
– – Blind stud
– – Miscellaneous
Caribbean stud poker
– Contents
– Caribbean Stud Poker in the United Kingdom
– Player Strategy
– See also
Five-card stud
– Description of play
– High-low and other variants
Roll your own
Seven-card stud
– Quick play overview
– In-depth play rules
– Sample deal
Twist
Texas hold ’em
– Contents
– Origins
– Rules
– – Objective
– – Betting structures
– – Play of the hand
– – The showdown
– Examples
– – Sample showdown
– – Sample hand
– – Kickers and ranks
– Starting hand terminology and notation
– Strategy
– In popular culture
– – Spectator sport
– See also
– Notes
Poker probability (Texas hold ’em)
– Contents
– Starting hands
– – Starting hands heads up
– – – Head-to-head starting hand matchups
– – Starting hands against multiple opponents
– – Dominated hands
– – – Pocket pairs
– – – Hands with one ace
– The flop
– – Flopping overcards when holding a pocket pair
– After the flop
– – Example of drawing outs
– – Runner-runner outs
– – – Common outs
– – – Disjoint outs
– – – Compound outs
– Notes
– See also
– References
Texas hold ’em hands
– Contents
– Essentials
– Texas hold ’em hand groups
– – Chen Point Count
– See also
– Notes
Texas Hold’em Bonus Poker
– Rules
– Player Strategy
WinHoldEm
– See also
Blind man’s bluff
Chicago
– Contents
– Hand scores
– Basic rules
– – Exchanges and hand scoring
– – The game
– – Chicago
– Variations
Community card poker
– Contents
– Texas hold ’em
– – Double-board hold ’em
– Omaha hold ’em
– Pineapple – Crazy Pineapple – Tahoe hold ’em
– Manila
– – Pinatubo
– “Home” games
– – Cincinnati
– – Iron cross
– – Chowaha
– – Tic tac toe
– – Lame-brain Pete
– – Six-pack
– – Spit in the ocean
– See also
Omaha hold ’em
– Contents
– Explanation
– Omaha Hi/Lo
– Pot Limit Omaha
– – Redraws
– Variations
Dealer’s choice
Four card poker
– See also
H.O.R.S.E.
– See also
H.O.S.E
Kuhn poker
– References
Old Pink Poker
Let It Ride
– Contents
– – Basic rules
– How to Play
– – Bets
– – Optional side bet
– – The deal
– – The play
– Strategy and house edge
Pai gow poker
– Contents
– Object of the Game
– The Deal
– Hand Rankings
– Determining a Win
– Basic Strategy
Pyramid poker
Red Dog
Strip poker
– Rules
– Popularity
Three card poker
– Contents
– Pairplus
– Ante and Play
– – Normal Ante and Play gameplay
– – The Ante Bonus
– See also
Online poker
– Contents
– Overview
– Legality
– Integrity and fairness
– Differences with conventional poker
– Tracking play
– Bonuses
– Compatibility
– Online poker portal
– References
List of poker related topics
Roulette and wheel games
– Contents
– History of Roulette
– Types of Roulette
– Board depiction (American Roulette)
– Bet odds table (American Roulette)
– House Edge
– Called Bets
– – Voisins (“Neighbors”)
– – Tiers (“The third”)
– – Orphelins (“Orphans”)
– Betting Strategies and Tactics
– – Betting Only on Red
– – Betting multiple times
– Famous Bets
– See also
Big Six wheel
– Contents
– – Money wheel
– – Dice wheel
– – Other variations
Martingale (roulette system)
– Analysis
Petits-Chevaux
Russian roulette
– Contents
– History
– Notable Russian roulette incidents
– – Reality
– Toy gun version
– – Equipment
– – Play
– – Odds
– See also
Straperlo
Sheepshead
– Contents
– How to play
– – Preparation
– – Play Variations
– – Card Order
– – Card Point Values
– – Keeping Score
– – The Deal
– – The Blind
– – Getting a Partner
– – – Called ace
– – – Examples of picker hands
– – – Jack of Diamonds
– – Playing the Cards
– – – Leasters
– – – With Partner: Playing the first card
– – – Following Suit
– – Continuing the hand
– – Play is over. Count the cards.
– Strategy
Blind
Leasters
– Leaster Strategy
Long
Schmear
Schneider
Walk
Variations of Sheepshead
– Contents
– Clubs as trump
– Crack and Re-crack
– Jack of Diamonds Partner
Slot machines
– Contents
– History
– Description
– Terminology
– Pay Table
– Technology
– – Random number generator
– – Payout precentage
– – Linked machines
– – Near-miss programming
– Regional Variations
– – United States
– – – Native American casinos
– – – Slot machine classes
– – – Slot clubs
– – Australia
– – United Kingdom
– – Japan
– Common misunderstandings
– – “Hot” and “Cold” machines
– – Placement
– – Payout changes
– – Missed opportunities
– Addiction
– Trivia
– Bibliography
– See also
Pachinko
Progressive jackpot
– Contents
– – The progressive jackpot meter
– – Qualifying
– – The break-even point
– – Advantage play
– – Player’s clubs
– – Other jackpot games
– – List of popular progressive games
– See also
Quiz machine
Skill With Prizes
US slot machine ownership regulations
Video poker
– Contents
– History
– The Game
– Regulation
– Kinds of video poker
– Full pay games
– – Jacks or Better
– – Deuces Wild
– – Double Bonus
– – Double Double Bonus
– – Other positive expectation games
– – Locating positive expectation games
– Players’ clubs
– See also
Ace invaders
– See also
List of video poker games
Gambling variants
Baccarat
– Contents
– Punto Banco (North American Baccarat)
– Baccarat Chemin de Fer
– Baccarat Banque
– Trivia
Biribi
– References
Casino war
– Contents
– The deal
– Ties
– Going to war
– House advantage
– Strategy
– References
Dead pool
Fan-Tan
– Contents
– History
– The game
– The Card Game Fantan
– References
Handgame
– Rules
– History
– References
Oicho-Kabu
Pai Gow
– Contents
– Rules
– – The set-up
– – Basic scoring
– – Gongs and Wongs
– – The Gee Joon tiles
– – Pairs
– – Ties
– Strategy
Panguingue
Trente et Quarante
– References
Two-up
– Rules of the Game
– History
Casino
– Contents
– Gambling in casinos
– History
– Security
– See also
Black Book
Casino game
– Contents
– House advantage
– Categories of casino games
– – Table games
– – Gaming machines
– – Random number games
– Common table games
– – Cards
– – Dice / Tiles
– – Random numbers
– Common random number games (non-table)
– Common gaming machines
– See also
Casino token
– Contents
– Chip Denominations
– History
– Future
Cheating
– Contents
– Methods of cheating
– How casinos combat cheating
– See also
Griffin Book
– See also
Locals casino
Online casino
– Contents
– Online casino types
– – Web-based online casinos
– – Download-based online casinos
– – Live-based casinos
– Games offered
– Signup bonuses
– Fraudulent online casino behavior
– Fraudulent player behavior
– Legality
– See also
Racino
Riverboat casino
– History
Las Vegas
– Contents
– History
– – Founding
– – Major events
– – Economic history
– Law and government
– – Government offices
– Geography
– – Climate
– Demographics
– Education
– Economy
– City redevelopment
– Transportation
– Culture and Attractions
– Sister cities
Wagering
Betting exchanges
– Contents
– History
– “Laying” an outcome
– Controversy
– See also
– – Betting exchanges
Bookmakers
– See also
Sports betting
– Contents
– Types of bets
– Bookmaking
– Betting scandals
– Sports betting forums
– Betting in fiction
– Notes
Asian handicap
– Contents
– Description
– Example
– Quarter Handicaps
– Whole Handicaps and Ties
Football pools
– Contents
– British Pools
– – Entries
– – Scoring
– – Results
– – Winning
– – History
– – Other games
– Continental European Pools
– See also
Parimutuel betting
– Contents
– Example of parimutuel betting
– History of parimutuel betting
– Parimutuel bet types
– Strategy and comparison with independent bookmakers
– See also
Point shaving
– Point shaving perpetrators
– References in popular culture
– See also
Soft lines
– See also
Sports betting systems
– Contents
– Betting on systems
– Determining systems
Sportsbook
– Contents
– Word origin
– Odds
– Nevada sportsbooks
– UK sportsbooks
– Internet sportsbooks
– See also
Tic-tac
Totalisator
Tote board
Trifecta
Arbitrage betting
– Contents
– Arbitrage in theory
– – Arbitrage using bookmakers
– – Arbitrage using betting exchanges
Bank job
Bar bet
– Contents
– Famous bar bets
– Further reading
Betting strategy
– Independent Events
Calcutta
Daily double
Dutch book
– Gambling
– Economics
– See also
Exacta
Fixed Odds Betting Terminals
Kelly gambling
Nassau
– Nassau Presses
Odds
– See also
Over-under
– Statistics
Parlay
Pick 6
– Late scratches
– Races moved from turf to dirt
Proposition bet
SP bookmaking
Scientific wager
– Famous scientific wagers
– See also
Simon-Ehrlich wager
– Contents
– The wager
– Analysis of why Ehrlich lost
– The proposed second wager
Sucker bet
Superfecta
Gamblers
List of World Backgammon Champions
MIT Blackjack Team
– Contents
– The plan and operation
– In the media
– Notes
List of poker players
Computer poker players
– See also
Poker Hall of Fame
World Poker Tour Walk of Fame
Gambling terminology
Advantage player
Availability error
– Availability Effects in Lethal Events
Beginner’s luck
Betting odds slang
Boxcars
– Related terminology
Chinese auction
Crimp
Croupier
Gambler’s fallacy
– Contents
– An example: coin-tossing
– Other examples
– Non-examples
– See also
Gambler’s ruin
– Contents
– Examples
– – Coin flipping
– – Casino games
– – Speculation
– See also
Holdout
Risk premium
– Contents
– – Example
– – Finance
Shill
– Contents
– Shills in gambling
– Shills on message boards
– Shills in marketing
– Shills in retail
– Shills in auctions
– Shills in journalism
Vigorish
– Contents
– Example
– – Debate
– Other kinds of vigorish
– See also
– References
Gambling and society
Casino Night
Charity gambling
Compulsive gambling
– Contents
– Pathological gambling
– Incidence
Gamblers Anonymous
Gambling advertising
License
GNU Free Documentation License
– GNU Free Documentation License
Index
– A Gambling Guide
About the author
– Nicolae Sfetcu
– – Contact
Publishing House
– MultiMedia Publishing

A Gambling Guide

Knowledge Engineering and Intelligence Gathering

A process of intelligence gathering begins when a user enters a query into the system. Several objects can match the result of a query with different degrees of relevance. Most systems estimate a numeric value about how well each object matches the query and classifies objects according to this value. Many researches have focused on practices of intelligence gathering. In knowledge engineering, knowledge gathering consists in fiding it from structured and unstructured sources in a way that must represent knowledge in a way that facilitates inference.
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.32191.15527

Knowledge Engineering and Intelligence Gathering

Intelligence cycle

The intelligence cycle is a set of processes used to provide useful information for decision-making. The cycle consists of several processes. The related counter-intelligence area is tasked with preventing information efforts from others. A basic model of the process of collecting and analyzing information is called the “intelligence cycle”. This model can be applied, and, like all the basic models, it does not reflect the fullness of real-world operations. Through intelligence cycle activities, information is collected and assembled, raw information is transformed into processed information, analyzed and made available to users.

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.25665.81760

Intelligence cycle

Dating and Interpersonal Relationships

Dating and Interpersonal RelationshipsAn introduction to interpersonal relationship – methods, advice and tips for friendship, dating and online dating, intimate relationship, love and kiss, flirting, seduction, romance, marriage and wedding.

Interpersonal relationships are social associations, connections, or affiliations between two or more people. They vary in differing levels of intimacy and sharing, implying the discovery or establishment of common ground, and may be centered around something(s) shared in common. The study of relationships is of concern to sociology, psychology and anthropology. Dating is a form of courtship consisting of social activities done by two persons with the aim of each assessing the other’s suitability as a partner in an intimate relationship or as a spouse.

CONTENTS:

Dating and alternative courtship customs
Interpersonal relationship
– Stages of Relationship Formation
– Types of interpersonal relationships
– Factors affecting interpersonal relationships
– Theories of interpersonal relationships
– See also
Friendship
– Etymology
– History
– A tradition in decline
– Physical manifestations
– – Types
– Developmental issues
– Cultural variations
– – Russia
– – Greece
– – Asia
– – Modern west
– Types of friendship
– Non-personal friendships
– Interspecies friendship and animal friendship
– Colloquial nomenclature
– Friendship contrasted with comradeship
– Bibliography
– See also
Internet friendship
Pen pal
Platonic love
– History
– Paradox
– Quotes
– References
– See also
Romantic friendship
– See also
Charisma
– The psychology of charisma
– Other uses
– References
Long-distance relationship
– Trust
– Visiting each other
– Online dating
– Communication
Sexual orientation
– Classifying sexual orientations
– – New terms
– – Paraphilia
– Measuring an individual’s sexual orientation
– – Desire, behavior and identity
– Sexual orientation and gender identity
– Demographics of sexual orientation
– Causes and malleability of sexual orientation
– Sexual orientation and mental health
– – Sexual orientation as mental illness
– – Relationship between sexual orientation and mental illness
– Morality, religion, and choice
– History
– Sexual orientation as a “construction”
– References
– Further reading
Sexfight
– Variations
– Uncommon or non-existent types of fights
– Typical story lines
– – Less common story lines
– Well-known sexfight story authors
Triangular theory of love
– Forms of romantic love
– – Companionate love
– – Consummate love
– See also
– References
Dating
– History of commercial dating services
– Courtship in the animal kingdom
– See also
Dating agency
– See also
Dating system
– See also
Friend zone
Going Dutch
– Etymology
– Etiquette
Online dating
– Trends
– Problems with Online Dating Services
– Pop culture
Intimate relationship
– Love
– See also
Physical intimacy
– Intimate proximity
– Affectionate touching
– Sexual physical intimacy
– The baseball metaphor
– Other forms of intimacy
Cuddle party
– History
– Philosophy
– – The Rules
– See also
Tickling
– Etymology
– Society
– Fetishism
– Research
– Physical Reactions
– Fiction
– Further reading
Casual relationship
– More
– Criticisms
– See also
Casual sex
– Moral questions
– Commercial sites
– See also
– References
Extended hookup
– See also
Anonymous sex
– See also
Matchmaking
– See also
Anonymous matching
– Implementations
– Viral marketing
Blind date
Speed dating
– Organization
– Advantages
– Criticisms
– Scientific Research
– Speed dating in popular culture
– See also
Flirting
Nice guy syndrome
– Theories
– – Friend/lover trait confusion
– – – Biology
– – Too nice
– – Passive aggression
– – Ladder theory
– – Love-shyness
– Disputed existence
– Dr. Robert A. Glover
– Bibliography
– See also
Sexual attraction
– Common elements of sexual attraction in humans
– – Factors determining sexual attraction to human males
– Other aspects
Kiss
– Kissing as affection
– Kissing as symbolism
– Other uses
– Asymmetry in kissing
– The anatomy of kissing
– Kisses in history, art and literature
– Trivia
– See also
Hugs and Kisses
Making out
– Other phrases related to making out
– Variation in age
Tongue kiss
– References in culture
Eskimo kissing
Pity sex
Promise ring
Seduction
– Sexual seduction
– See also
Ladder theory
– Overview
– Terminology
– Criticism
– See also
Mystery Method
– S&R Value
– The M3 Model
– – Step 1: Attraction
– – Step 2: Comfort
– – Step 3: Seduction
– Negs
– Venue Changing
– – 1-Move
– – 2-Bounce & Jump
– – 3-Time Bridge
– See alsoTable of Contents
Aphrodisiac
– Other drugs
– Not just drugs
Booty call
Love
– Overview
– Etymology
– Types
– Cultural views
– Religious views
– See also
– – Human love
– References
Agape
– Agape in Christianity
– – The greatest commandment
– – Love for enemies
– – Paul’s definition of love
– – John’s definition of God
– – New Commandment
– – Agape as a meal
– Sources
Attachment theory
– Attachment of children to caregivers
– – The Strange Situation
– – Attachment styles
– – – Secure attachment
– – – Anxious-ambivalent insecure attachment
– – – Anxious-avoidant insecure attachment
– – – Disorganized attachment
– Attachment in intimate relationships
– Treatment
– References
Love-shyness
– Gilmartin’s definition
– Results of Gilmartin’s research
– Career, Money & Education
– Music
– Love-shyness and mainstream psychology
– Top Ten Love-Shy Movies (1945-80)
– References
– See also
Unrequited love
– Overview
– In literature
– In music
– On the web
– Books
– See also
Love styles
– Eros
– Ludus
– Storge
– Pragma
– Mania
– Agape
Courtly love
– Background
– Stages of Courtly Love
– Further reading
– References
Romantic love
– Fantasy vs. Reality
– See also
– Reference
Lust
– Derivation
– Catholicism’s view and definition of lust
Love triangle
– Examples
– Additional examples from various media
– – Music
– – Television shows
– – Books
– – Comics
– – Anime / Manga
– – Video games
– See also
Love rectangle
– Examples
– See also
Crystallization
– Origin of term
– Story behind term
– Process of crystallization
– Applications
– References
Limerence
– Origins
– Components
– – Limerent object perception
– – Intrusive thinking
– – Fear of rejection
– – Hope
– – Physical effects
– – The Game
– – Sexuality
– Limerent reaction
– Bond varieties
– Distinctions from love and sex
– References
– See also
– Further reading
Erotomania
– History
– Contemporary syndrome
– Erotomania in fiction
– References
Love letter
– See also
Internet romance
– See also
Saint Valentine’s Day
– History
– – February fertility festivals
– – Valentine
– – Medieval era
– – Valentine’s Day in North America
– Valentine’s Day in other cultures
Love (cultural views)
– Cultural views
– – Chinese
– – Japanese
– – Ancient Greek
– – Latin
– – Indonesian and Malaysian
– See also
– References
Love (religious views)
– Religious views
– – Buddhist
– – Christian
– – Hindu
– – Islamic
– – Jewish
– – Mythological
– – Theological
– See also
Love (scientific_views)
– Overview
– Theories
– – Platonic love
– – The hunt for love
– – Crystallization
– – Formulaic models
– – Limerence
– – Lovemaps
– – Triangular theory of love
– – Love styles
– – Phases
– – Attraction and attachment
– See also
– References
Marriage
– Definitions
– Recognition
– Types of marriages
– – Western world
– – Eastern world
– – Polygamy, monogamy, and polyandry
– – – Variations
– – – Christian insistence on monogamy
– – – Contemporary Western societies
– – Forced marriages
– – Unique practices
– Marriage restrictions
– Weddings
– Termination
– Rights and obligations relating to marriage
– Marriage and religion
– Marriage and economics
– Romantic marriage and pragmatic marriage
– – Pragmatic marriage
– – Pragmatic marriage contrasted to romantic marriage
– Same-sex marriage
– – Introduction
– – Jurisdictions accepting same-sex marriage
– – Controversy
– Criticisms of the institution of marriage
– – Overview
– – Feminist concerns
– – Antiquated traditions
– – Masculinist concerns
– See also
Engagement
– The Engagement Period
– Engagement Rings
– Engagement Parties
– Related Terms
– – Fiancé(e)
– – Proposal
– – Betrothal
– See also
Engagement ring
– Material and design
– History
– Refusing the gift
– See also
Wedding
– Customs
– – General customs
– – French customs
– Music
– Variants
– See also
– – Events related to weddings
– – Types of weddings
– – Wedding traditions
– – Clothing
– – Food
– – Participants
– – Related travel
Bride
– See also
Bridesmaid
– Bridesmaid
– See also
Best man
– See also
Bridegroom
– See also
Groomsman
– See also
Banns of marriage
Bridal shower
Wedding invitation
– Pop culture references
Wedding dress
– Western Culture
– Eastern Culture
White wedding
– History and traditions
– Attendees
– The ceremony
– The reception
Wedding ring
– Traditional customs
– – Pre-wedding customs
– – Wedding ceremony customs
– – Post-wedding customs
– Contemporary usage
– Materials
– Styles, patterns, fashions
– Quotes
– See also
Flower girl
– See also
Ringbearer
– See Also
Bridal registry
Marriage vows
Marriage license
– Controversy
– See also
Wedding reception
– Chinese societies
Wedding cake
– See also
Wedding favors
The Little White Wedding Chapel
Honeymoon
– The origin of the word honeymoon
Wedding traditions and customs
– Italian customs
– United States customs
– – Christian weddings
– – – Wedding gifts
– – African-American customs
– Romanian customs
– Chinese customs
– Scottish customs
– – Wedding gifts
– – Recent Weddings in Scotland
– – See also
Wedding trends
– Themed weddings
– – Factors to consider
– – Current themes being used
– Destination weddings
Age at first marriage
– World
– Americas
– Asia
– Europe
– Africa
– Oceania
Alimony
– Alimony and child support compared
– Factors affecting alimony
– Tax consequences of alimony in the United States
Affair
– Sex and romance
– – Further reading
– Political and business
– – Major Famous affairs
Annulment
– Grounds for annulment
– Annulment in the Catholic Church
– Annulment in New York State
– Multiple annulments
– See also
Divorce
– Statistics
– History of divorce
– – Canada
– – Great Britain
– – – Scotland
– – – England and Wales
– Causes of divorce
– Religious/cultural attitudes to divorce
– Divorce’s financial implications
– Divorce’s medical and psychological implications
– Legal aspects of divorce
– – Muslim societies
– – United States
– – Canada
– – France
– – Japan
– – Scotland
– – England and Wales
– – Global issues
– – – Divorces obtained in a different country or jurisdiction
– References
Concubinage
– Concubine
– Concubinus
Bachelor
– Etymology and historical meanings
– Penal laws and customs
– See also
Bachelor party
– Variations
– – UK
– – United States
– – Canada
Religious aspects of marriage
– Detailed viewpoints of various religions
Christian views of marriage
– View of Roman Catholic Christians
– – Other issues
– View of Orthodox Christians
– View of Protestant Christians
– – Evangelical Protestant View
– – Liberal Christian Protestant View
– View of non-Protestant, non-Catholic Christians
Catholic marriage
– Free to marry
– Intent to marry
– Intend Catholic marriage
– Actually marry
– Validity
– Nullity
– Glossary
– See also
Pre-Cana
– See also
Eastern Orthodox Church
– The Betrothal
– – The Exchange of the Rings
– – The procession
– – Declaration of Intent and Lighting of Candles
– The Crowning
– – The Epistle
– – The Gospel
– – The Common Cup and the Dance of Isaiah
– – Removal of the Crowns
– – The Greeting of the Couple
– Background
Pauline privilege
– Controversy
Buddhist view of marriage
Hindu wedding
– Important Marriage ceremonies
– Sapthapadhi
– Barni Bandhwana
– Byaha Hath
– Mudda-Tikka
– Bari
– Barna
– Mayara
– Sangeet Sandhya
– Tilak Ceremony
– Mehendi Lagwana
– Biradh Morcha
– Barat Nikasi
– Ver Mala
– Aarti
– Hathlewa
– Havan
– Saat Phere (Wedding Vows)
– Kanya Daan
– Baasi-Jawari
– Dwar-Rokai
– Griha Pravesh
– Mooh Dikhai
– Modern Hindu weddings
Islamic marital jurisprudence
– Gender roles
– Intention to Marry
– Marriage
– Nikah
– Nikah Mut’ah
– Other Sunni types
– Walima
– Divorce
– – Talaq
– – Triple talaq
Nikah Misyar
– Definition of a Misyar Marriage
– Reasons for a Misyar Marriage
– Islam and Misyar Marriage
– Misyar Marriage in practice
– Opposition to Misyar Marriage
– See also
Nikah Mut’ah
– Rules
– – Differences between Nik’u l-Mutäa and Nik’
– – Similarities between Nik’u l-Mutäa and Nik’u
– Use of Nik’u l-Mutäa in everyday life
– Qur’anic origin
– – Fornication
– – “Istamtaätum”
– – Ujkrahunna
– – “After what is appointed”
– Muslims’ view
– – Sunni view
– – Shi’a view
– See also
Jewish view of marriage
– Classical customs
– – Betrothal from the Mishnah and Talmud
– Marriage ceremony
– – Reform and Conservative adaptations
– The Ketubah
– – Conservative, Reform and Reconstructionist changes
– Chuppah
– Ritual purity in family life
– Controversy over Intermarriage
– – Civil versus religious marriages, and inter-faith marriages
– Divorce
– – Orthodox, Conservative, and Reform changes
– Marriage in Israel
– See also
– – Judaism’s view
– – Non-Jewish views
Shidduch
– The practice
– Backgrounds
– The Shidduch in Culture
– Shidduchim in history
– Shidduchim and hereditary disease
– Criticism
– See also
– Books
Affinity (canon law)
– Impediment of marriage
– Earlier law
– – Mosaic law
– – Roman law
– – Early Christian law
– Reasoning
– – Example
– Affinity no longer begets affinity
Interreligious marriage
– Reasons for Prohibition
– Views of religions on interreligious marriage
– – Judaism
– – Samaritanism
– – Christianity
– – Bahá’í Faith
– – Hinduism
– – Islam
– Interreligious marriages in the Bible
– Famous interreligious marriages
– References
Same-sex marriage
– Debates over terminology
– History of same-sex unions
– – Asia
– – Classical Europe
– – Christian Europe
– – North America
– – Africa
– – Notes
– Current status of same-sex religious marriage
– Current status of same-sex civil marriage
– – Africa
– – Asia
– – Europe
– – North America
– – – Canada
– – – United States
– – – Cherokee
– – Australia
– – International Organizations
– Controversy
– – Religious arguments
– – Social arguments
– – Arguments about tradition
– – Arguments about legal rationality
– – Arguments concerning children
– – Arguments concerning equality
– Miscellaneous
– Bibliography
Civil union
– Canada
– – Alberta
– – Quebec
– – Nova Scotia
– Denmark
– France
– Germany
– New Zealand
– Switzerland
– United Kingdom
– United States
– – Vermont
– See also
Domestic partnership
– In the United States
– In California
– See also
Open marriage
– The core concept
– Emotional issues
– Legal issues
– Rules
– Notable people who had open marriages
Adultery
– Penalties for adultery
– Adultery in selected cultures
– – Ancient Athens
– – Judaism
– References
Domestic violence
– Definitions
– Types
– – Physical violence
– – Sexual violence and incest
– – Sexual vice
– – Psychological violence
– – Economic/social abuse
– – Stalking
– – Spiritual Abuse
– Violence against children
– Causes
– – Power and control
– – – Male power and control
– – Bullying
– The cycle of violence
– Statistics
– – Europe
– – UK
– – US
– – Under-reporting
– – Cost
– Gender differences
– – Men or women as violent
– – Gender bias in the language of domestic violence
– – Domestic violence in same-sex relationships
– – Allegations of domestic violence
– Response to domestic violence
– – The Duluth Domestic Abuse Intervention Project
– – Treatment and support
– – Police
– – Risk assessment
– – Bias against men in service provision
– Domestic violence in popular culture
– – Abusive men in the news media
– – In film
– Across cultures and religions
– – Hinduism
– – Islam
– References and further reading
Child abuse
– Distribution of child abuse and neglect in the United States
– – By perpetrator characteristics
– – By family characteristics
– – By child characteristics
– Reporting abuse and neglect in the United States
– Childhelp USA
– Reporting abuse and neglect in Australia
– Reporting abuse and neglect in United Kingdom
– Authorities
– Child abuse by authorities
– Notable incidents of child abuse
Online wedding
Prostitution
– Types of prostitution
– – Street prostitution
– – Escort/Out-call prostitution
– – Sex tourism
– Socio-economic and legal status of prostitution
– – Legality of selling sex
– – Advertising prostitution
– – Regulated prostitution
– – Prostitution of children
– – Prostitution and illegal immigration
– – Violence against prostitutes
– – Human (or sex) trafficking
– Medical situation
– How common is prostitution?
– Politics
– – Legal issues
– – Feminism
– History
– See also
– References
Brothel
– See also
Red-light district
– Famous red-light districts
– – Africa
– – Asia
– – Australia and Oceania
– – Europe
– – North America
Sex workers
Courtesans
– Public opinion
– – Difference in perception based on status
– Famous courtesans
– See also
– References
Dominatrix
– Professional versus lifestyle dominatrices
– Notable dominatrices
– Fictional dominatrices
– See also
Session wrestler
Male prostitute
– Male prostitution
– The hustler in popular culture
– Books on hustling
– The hustler in literature
– The hustler in theater
– The hustler in cinema
– – Films with a hustler as a main character
– – Other films that include hustlers
– – Documentary films
– The hustler in photography
– People who have engaged in male prostitution
– See also
Escort agency
Bar fine
– Examples
Call girl
– Non-sex work
– Call girls and celebrities
– City tours
– Internet
– Sting operations
– Public perception of call girls
Girlfriend experience
Pimp
– Pimps in popular culture
– Famous pimps and alleged pimps
– Etymology and other uses of the term
Regulated prostitution
– Mandatory health checks
– Status of unregulated prostitution
Sex tourism
– Destinations
– Terms used for sex tourists
– Crime and controversy
– – Tourism involving sex with minors
– – Legal issues in the United States
– – Muslim countries
– See also
Street prostitution
– Soliciting
– Differences from other forms of prostitution
– Prison Education
– Pimps
– Street Prostitution Worldwide
– Sources
Lot lizard
– References
Famous prostitutes and courtesans
– Real-life and historical
– Found in fiction and literature
– Alleged prostitutes
– Symbolic or allegorical prostitutes
– Male prostitutes
– Alleged male prostitutes
License
GNU Free Documentation License
– GNU Free Documentation License
Index
– Dating and Interpersonal Relationships
About the author
– Nicolae Sfetcu
– – Contact
Publishing House
– MultiMedia Publishing

Dating and Interpersonal Relationships

The Game of Chess

The Game of ChessA comprehensive guide of chess: history, famous games and players, rules, strategy, tactics, chess and the computer, documentation and literature, variants.

Chess (the “Game of Kings”) is a board game for two players, which requires 32 chesspieces (or chessmen) and a board demarcated by 64 squares. Gameplay does not involve random luck; consisting solely of strategy, (see also tactics, and theory). Chess is one of humanity’s more popular games; it is has been described not only as a game, but also as both art and science. Chess is sometimes seen as an abstract wargame; as a “mental martial art”.

CONTENTS:

The Game of Chess
– History
– Chess Guide overview
Games
– Types of Games
– Game theory
– – Types of games and examples
– – Risk aversion
– – Games and numbers
– – History
– – References
– Game classification
– Game of strategy
– – Related topics
– Strategy games
– – Abstract strategy
– – Simulation
– – Real-time strategy
– – Turn-based
– – War game
– – – General Strategy
– – – Turn-based
– – – Real-time (RTS)
– Board games
– – Two-player abstract strategy games
– – – Classic two-player abstract strategy games
– – – Modern two-player abstract strategy games
– – Two-player games of chance
– – Multi-player elimination games
– – European race games
– – Multiplayer games without elimination
– – Modern Wargames
– – Games of physical skill
– – Children’s games
– – Literature
History
– Origins of chess
– – Theories of the origin of chess
– – – India
– – – Ireland
– Early Literature
– – Byzantium
– – China
– – England
– – France
– – Germany
– – India
– – Italy
– – Persia
– – Spain
– – Sumatra
– – Switzerland
– – References
– Early Arabic chess literature
– Chess in Europe
– – See also
– – References
– Chess tournament history
– Cox-Forbes theory
– Shahnama theory
– Famous entities with chess related names
– – People
– – Cities
– – Other
– World records in chess
– – Longest game
– – Shortest tournament game
– – Latest first capture
– – Longest decisive game without a capture
Famous Games
– Immortal game
– – Introduction
– – Annotated moves of the game
– – References
– Evergreen game
– – References
– Opera game
– The Game of the Century
– – References
– Deep Blue – Kasparov, 1996, Game 1
– – Game Moves
– – References
Chess Players
– List of chess players
– Male players
– Female players
– Famous people who were/are avid chess players
– Also of note
– International Grandmaster
– World Champions
– – List of chess world championship matches
– – Notes
– World Junior Chess Championship
– Chess Rules
– – Rules of chess
– – The Board
– – Gameplay
– – – Move Sequence
– – – Movement
– – – Check, Checkmate
– – – Draws
– Equipment
– Chessboard
– Chess pieces
– Game Clock
– Time control
– Movements
– Bishop
– King
– Knight
– Pawn
– – Strategy
– Queen
– Rook
– Castling
– Fifty move rule
– Notations
– Algebraic chess notation
– – Comment Shorthand Notation
– Descriptive chess notation
– Computer Processing
– Forsyth-Edwards Notation
– – Definition
– – Examples
– Portable Game Notation
– – Tag Pairs
– – Movetext
– – Comments
– – Example
– Handling Chess Variants
– Fédération Internationale des Échecs
– FIDE Presidents
– E.I.01A. Laws of Chess
– ELO rating system
– – Previous ratings systems
– – Elo’s rating system model
– – Implementing Elo’s scheme
– – Comparative ratings
– – Mathematical Details
– Draw
– – Discouragement of draws by agreement
– Perpetual check
Strategy & Tactics
– Chess strategy and tactics
– Values of the pieces
– Tactics
– – Attacking and defending pieces
– – Forks
– – Pins
– – Skewers
– – Discovered attacks
– – Zwischenzug
– – Sacrifices
– – Attacks against the king
– Strategy
– – Opening
– – Space
– – Defending pieces
– – Exchanging pieces
– – Knights
– – Pawns
– – Bishops
– – Rooks
– – King
– – The Endgame
– Further reading
– Terminology
– – Chess terminology
– Check
– Underpromotion
– Sample chess game
– Tactics
– Fork
– Pin
– Combination
– Chess Opening
– – Aims of the opening
– – Common openings
– – – White Opens with “e4”
– – – – Ruy Lopez
– – – – Giuoco Piano
– – – – Two Knights Defence
– – – – Latvian Gambit
– – – – King’s Gambit
– – – – Sicilian Defense
– – – – French Defense
– – – – Caro-Kann
– – – – Center Counter
– – – – Pirc/Modern
– – – White Opens with “d4”
– – – – Queen’s Gambit
– – – – King’s Indian Defense
– – – – Nimzo-Indian, Bogo-Indian, and Queen’s Indian Defense
– – – – Dutch Defense
– – – White Opens with Something Other Than “e4” or “d4”
– – – – English Opening
– – Classification of chess openings
– – References
– List of chess openings
– A00
– – A00: Irregular Openings
– Sokolsky Opening
– – A00 Sokolsky Opening
– A00 Sokolsky Opening 1.b4 e5
– – 1.b4 e5 2.Bb2 Bxb4 3.Bxe5
– – 3…Nf6 4.c4
– – 4…Nc6
– – 5.Bb2 0?0 6.e3
– – 6…d5 7.Nf3 Bg4
– – 8.a3 Bd6 9.cxd5 Nxd5 10.Be2 Be7
– – 11.0?0 Bf6 12.d4 Re8 13.Nbd2 a6
– – 14.Qc2 Qd7 15.Bd3 g6
– – 16.h3 Bxf3
– – 17.Nxf3 Rad8 18.Rfd1 Bg7
– – 19.e4 Nf4
– – 20.Bf1 Ne7
– – 21.Rac1 c6 22.Ne5 Qc7
– – 23.g3 Bxe5 24.dxe5 Ne6 25.Rd6 c5 26.Rcd1 Nc8 27.R6d5 Ne7 28.Rxd8 Rxd8 29.Rxd8+ Qxd8
– Gambit
– Evans Gambit
– Latvian Gambit
– Smith-Morra Gambit
– – How to play it
– Defence
– French Defence
– – General considerations
– – 3. exd5 exd5 – the Exchange Variation
– – 3. e5 – the Advance Variation
– – 3. Nd2 – the Tarrasch Variation
– – 3. Nc3
– – – 3… dxe4 – the Rubinstein Variation
– – – 3… Bb4 – the Winawer Variation
– – – 3… Nf6 – the Classical Variation
– – Early deviations
– – ECO codes
– Grünfeld Defence
– Nimzo-Indian Defence
– Hypermodernism
– Endgames
– Lucena position
– – References
– Zugzwang
– Stalemate
– Smothered mate
– Endgame study
– – Further reading
Problems & Puzzles
– Chess problem
– Types of problem
– Beauty in chess problems
– Further reading
– Terminology
– – Chess problem terminology
– – References
– Tactical chess problems
– Collection of chess problems
– Sam Loyd
– – Books
– Albino
– Allumwandlung
– Helpmate
– – Further reading
– Shortest proof game
– – Further reading
– Babson task
– – Further reading
– Devices
– Grimshaw
– Novotny
– Plachutta
– Chess Puzzle
– Knight’s Tour
– Puzzle Solving
– – How to solve the knight’s tour
– – Introduction
– – – Step 1
– – – Step 2
– – A heuristic
– Eight queens puzzle
– – The eight queens puzzle as an example problem for algorithm design
– – Example program in Python
– – See also
Chess Computing
– Computer chess
– Brute force vs. strategy
– Brute force vs. humans
– Endgame Databases
– Computer chess implementation issues
– – Board Representations
– – Search Techniques
– – Leaf evaluation
– – Using endgame databases
– – Other optimizations
– – Standards
– Chronology of Computer Chess
– Other chess software
– Computer Chess theorists
– The future of computer chess?
– Deep Blue – Kasparov, 1996, Game 1 (chess)
– – Game Moves
– – References
– Fritz
– Deep Fritz
– GNU Chess
– XBoard
– Universal Chess Interface
Documentation
– Chess columns in newspapers
– Chess libraries
– Chess game collection
– Opening manual
– ChessBase
Chess Variants
– Handicap variants
– Fantasy variants
– Chess-related national games
– Fischer Random Chess
– – Starting Position
– – Castling
– – – Rules for Castling
– – – How to Castle
– – – Castling Rule Ambiguities
– – Playing Fischer Random Chess
– – Recording Games
– – Starting Position Ids
– – Other Ways to Create Initial Positions
– – – Coin-Tossing Method
– – – Drawing Methods
– – – Non-Random Setups
– – History
– – Naming
– Fantasy Chess
– Alice Chess
– Antichess
– – Other names for the game
– Atomic Chess
– Avalanche chess
– Baroque chess
– – See also
– Bughouse chess
– – Bughouse Strategy
– – Where to play
– Capablanca Chess
– Circe chess
– Grand Chess
– Grid chess
– Kriegspiel
– Madrasi chess
– Martian Chess
– – Rules
– – – Initial setup
– – – Movement and capturing
– – – End of game and scoring
– – Strategy
– Monster Chess
– Omega chess
– – The New Pieces
– Patrol chess
– Progressive chess
– Three-dimensional chess
– Fairy Chess Piece
– – Classification of fairy pieces
– – – Leapers
– – – Riders
– – – Hoppers
– – Royal pieces
– – List of orthodox and fairy chess pieces
– Andernach chess
Miscellaneous
– Chess Olympiad
– – Men’s olympiads
– Chess as mental training
– – Sources
– Correspondence chess
– Lewis chessmen
– – Bibliography
– Chess-related deaths
License
– GNU Free Documentation License
About the author
– Nicolae Sfetcu
– – Contact
Publishing House
– MultiMedia Publishing

The Game of Chess

Drobeta Turnu Severin Heavy Water Plant: Construction

Sfetcu, Nicolae (2023), Drobeta Turnu Severin Heavy Water Plant: Construction, Cunoașterea Științifică, 2:1, DOI: 10.58679/CS96723, https://www.cunoasterea.ro/drobeta-turnu-severin-heavy-water-plant-construction/   Abstract The heavy water plant was established under the name of Combinatul Chimic Drobeta, by Decree 400/16.11.1979, under the Inorganic Products Industrial Center … Read More

The post Drobeta Turnu Severin Heavy Water Plant: Construction appeared first on Telework.